Chad
Republic of Chad · Middle Africa
Chad is a country in Middle Africa, with N'Djamena as its capital, home to about 21,003,705 people. Chad shares land borders with 6 countries, listed below alongside its flag, currency, calling code and ISO codes.
| Capital | N'Djamena |
|---|---|
| Region | Middle Africa |
| Currency | Central African CFA franc (XAF Fr) |
| Calling code | +235 |
| ISO codes | TD / TCD / 148 ISO 3166-1 |
| Flag emoji | 🇹🇩 |
| Population | 21,003,705 (2025) World Bank |
| Area | 1,284,000 km² |
| Languages | Arabic, French |
| Internet domain | .td |
| Demonym | Chadian |
Bordering countries
What does the flag of Chad mean?
Chad's vertical tricolour, adopted on 6 November 1959, deliberately merges the blue, white and red of the French flag with the Pan-African green, yellow and red: the designers first proposed green-yellow-red but swapped the green for blue to avoid confusion with Mali. In the recorded reading, the blue represents Lake Chad and the country's Black African heritage, the yellow the sands of the Sahara desert, and the red the blood shed in the struggle for independence from France. The result is almost identical to Romania's flag; Chad raised the issue at the United Nations in 2004, and Romania declined to change its design, noting its own tricolour is the older of the two.
Source: Wikipedia: Flag of Chad
About Chad
Chad, officially Republic of Chad, is a United Nations member state in Middle Africa. Its capital and seat of government is N'Djamena. It is landlocked, sharing all of its borders with neighbouring countries and no coastline. The official currency is the Central African CFA franc (Fr), using the code XAF.
Curious about the city itself? See what is the capital of Chad for N'Djamena’s own facts and history.
To call Chad from abroad, dial the country code +235. In international standards it is identified by the ISO 3166-1 codes TD (alpha-2) and TCD (alpha-3), which appear in everything from web addresses to shipping labels. As of 2025, its population is around 21,003,705.
Frequently asked questions
What is the capital of Chad?
What currency does Chad use?
What is the country calling code for Chad?
What are the ISO codes for Chad?
What is the flag emoji for Chad?
What do the colors on the flag of Chad mean?
How Chad compares
- Area: 1,284,000 km², ranking 20 of 194 sovereign states by land area.
- Population: 21,003,705, ranking 63 of 193 sovereign states.
- Density: about 16 people per square kilometre.
- Land borders: 6, against an average of 4.1 across the sovereign states that have any.
- Currency reach: 5 other countries and territories use the Central African CFA franc (see the full list).
Flags with the same colours as Chad
12 other national flags use exactly the same set of colour families (red, yellow, blue). Similar colours are the most common reason flags get mistaken for one another, though colour alone says nothing about layout.
Chad appears in these lists
Population from the World Bank (SP.POP.TOTL); flag, capital, currency, calling code and ISO data from open datasets. Rankings, density and flag colour matches are computed from that same dataset. Full sources and vintage on the data page. Last updated . Report a correction.