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What is the capital of Eritrea?

Flag of Eritrea
The capital of Eritrea is Asmara

Asmara stands at 2,325 metres above sea level on the tip of the escarpment that forms the north-western edge of the Eritrean Highlands, in the country's Central Region.

Asmara is the capital and seat of government of Eritrea. Eritrea itself has an estimated population of 3,607,003 (2025).

Asmara is also the largest city in Eritrea, which is the usual arrangement, though it is far from universal: see the countries where capital and largest city differ.

Asmara at a glance

City population1,073,000 (2023)
Pronunciationəs-MAHR-ə
Country🇪🇷 Eritrea
Founded800 BC
Largest city in EritreaAsmara
Time zoneUTC+03:00 (EAT)
CurrencyEritrean nakfa (ERN)

About Asmara

The site was settled as far back as 800 BC, and local tradition holds that the city was formed when four separate villages united to live peacefully after long periods of conflict; it was incorporated in 1890.

Asmara is the sixth highest capital in the world by altitude and the second highest in Africa.

In 2017 the city was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its unusually well-preserved Italian colonial modernist architecture.

It grew in importance as a stop on the trade route to the Red Sea port of Massawa.

City facts sourced from Wikipedia: Asmara.

Frequently asked questions

What is the capital of Eritrea?
The capital of Eritrea is Asmara.
Is Asmara the largest city in Eritrea?
Yes. Asmara is both the capital and the largest city of Eritrea.
What is the population of Asmara?
Asmara has a population of about 1,073,000 (2023).
Where is Asmara located?
Asmara stands at 2,325 metres above sea level on the tip of the escarpment that forms the north-western edge of the Eritrean Highlands, in the country's Central Region.
How do you pronounce Asmara?
Asmara is pronounced əs-MAHR-ə, following the English respelling given by Wikipedia: Asmara.
What time zone is Asmara in?
Asmara uses UTC+03:00 (EAT).
What currency is used in Asmara?
Asmara, like the rest of Eritrea, uses the Eritrean nakfa (ERN, symbol Nfk).

Capitals of neighbouring countries

See the full profile of Eritrea on its country page, or browse every capital city.

Capital and country data from open datasets; city and metropolitan populations are hand-curated per city and cited where they are shown. Populations of countries come from the World Bank (SP.POP.TOTL). Full sources and vintage on the data page. Last updated . Report a correction.